Ad system
refine.direct
Most of the 42,607 apps that declare refine.direct reach it through a reseller: 100% have a RESELLER line, 1% a DIRECT one (4,299 files, 191 of them through e-volution.ai's account). 59% of the 5,695 lines checked name an account its sellers.json (87 sellers) does not list. 44% of its sellers are confidential, so buyers cannot see who they are.
- Apps declaring it
- 42,607
- Sellers in sellers.json
- 87
- Lines verified
- 3.4%
- Lines with errors
- 3,550
- Avg. supply path score
- 50.5 / 100
433 DIRECT · 42,477 RESELLER
44% confidential
206 of 5,987 checked lines
5,987 lines in total
44,400 apps scored
App counts, the sellers.json breakdown and the directory ranking are as of , recomputed daily (the same numbers as the directory). Line counts are recounted every 10 minutes. sellers.json last read 13 October 2026. The supply path score sums up how short and clean the declared paths are, 0 to 100 (how it is computed).
How to add refine.direct to app-ads.txt
One line per account, in the app-ads.txt at the root of the domain your App Store and Google Play listings name as the developer website.
refine.direct, YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID, DIRECT
refine.direct, YOUR_ACCOUNT_ID, RESELLER
- Field 1:
refine.direct, the domain refine.direct uses in app-ads.txt. - Field 2: your account ID with refine.direct. It must equal the
seller_idin refine.direct's sellers.json. - Field 3: DIRECT if you hold the account, RESELLER if a partner holds it and sells your inventory. DIRECT vs RESELLER
- Field 4 (optional): a certification authority ID. Most lines naming refine.direct carry none, or different ones, so we do not suggest one.
sellers.json at a glance
- Status
- Published
- Sellers listed
- 87
- Confidential
- 38 (44%)
- Passthrough
- 0
- Removed, last 30 days
- 0
- Last read
- Oct 13, 2026
- PUBLISHER48
- INTERMEDIARY17
- BOTH22
Cross-check of lines naming refine.direct
- Verified 206
- Seller ID not found 3,549
- DIRECT but intermediary 1
- RESELLER but publisher 0
- Seller type BOTH 4
- Confidential seller 2,227
- No sellers.json 0
- Unchecked 0
Every line naming refine.direct is looked up in its sellers.json. What each status means
Common errors with refine.direct lines
-
Seller ID not found
3,549 lines
Ask refine.direct for the account ID it lists for you in its sellers.json, correct the line, or remove it if you no longer work with them. Buyers that check sellers.json drop these paths.
-
Confidential seller
2,227 lines
The seller is confidential in sellers.json: its name and domain are hidden, so buyers cannot confirm who it is.
-
Seller type BOTH
4 lines
The account is listed as BOTH, so sellers.json alone cannot tell a buyer which relationship applies. Nothing to fix on your side; buyers usually look at the seller's domain.
-
DIRECT but intermediary
1 line
If a partner holds this account and resells your inventory, the line should say RESELLER. If the account is yours, ask refine.direct to list it as PUBLISHER.
Intermediaries most declared as RESELLER
Accounts on refine.direct that its sellers.json lists as INTERMEDIARY or BOTH, by the number of app-ads.txt files declaring them. Confidential sellers are left out.
| Seller domain | Type | Files |
|---|---|---|
| e-volution.ai | INTERMEDIARY | 191 |
Apps that declare refine.direct
| App | Store | Relationship | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| iOS | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| iOS | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| iOS | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live | |
| Android | RESELLER | Live |
Questions about refine.direct
Does refine.direct publish a sellers.json?
Yes. Its file at https://refine.direct/sellers.json listed 87 sellers when we last read it on 13 October 2026: 48 publishers, 17 intermediaries and 22 listed as both; 44% are confidential.
How many apps declare refine.direct in app-ads.txt?
42,607 apps in Stoqlab's data (delisted apps included) declare refine.direct: 433 with at least one DIRECT line and 42,477 with at least one RESELLER line, across 4,299 app-ads.txt files, as of 13 October 2026 (recounted daily).
Why do refine.direct lines fail verification?
Of 5,987 lines naming refine.direct, 3,550 contradict its sellers.json. The most common case is "Seller ID not found", on 3,549 lines. Ask refine.direct for the account ID it lists for you in its sellers.json, correct the line, or remove it if you no longer work with them. Buyers that check sellers.json drop these paths.
Not sure whether your line should say DIRECT or RESELLER? DIRECT vs RESELLER in app-ads.txt
Sources: the public app-ads.txt files of tracked apps and the sellers.json of refine.direct. Something wrong? Tell us.